Relative dating of fossils and rocks
The oldest well-understood fossils are from rocks dating back to around 600 Ma, and the sedimentary record from that time forward is rich in fossil remains that provide a detailed record of the history of life.However, as anyone who has gone hunting for fossils knows, that does not mean that all sedimentary rocks have visible fossils or that they are easy to find.
Some lived for millions of years, and others for much less than a million years.
The major groups of organisms that we are familiar with evolved between the late Proterozoic and the Cambrian (~600 Ma to ~520 Ma).
Plants, which evolved in the oceans as green algae, came onto land during the Ordovician (~450 Ma).
Some well-studied groups of organisms qualify as biozone fossils because, although the genera and families lived over a long time, each species lived for a relatively short time and can be easily distinguished from others on the basis of specific features.
For example, ammonites have a distinctive feature known as the suture line — where the internal shell layers that separate the individual chambers (septae) meet the outer shell wall, as shown in Figure 8.12.



The Phanerozoic has seen five major extinctions, as indicated in Figure 8.10.
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On May 22, 2016, after 36 years of faithful service as Senior Pastor of The Moody Church, Dr. Lutzer transitioned to the role of Pastor Emeritus.
Zechariah 14:2-4 And I will gather all the nations to battle against Jerusalem: the city shall be taken, the houses rifled, and the women ravished.